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/*
STC15單片機驅動iic注意事項
最近一個月在開發項目，用到的MCU是stc15，發現驅動iic的時候需要將io口設置成開漏輸出才能穩定讀取iic數據，如果設置成弱上拉就會掉數據。
于是我查了查開漏輸出是怎么一回事，因為以前用AVR芯片的時候都是設置成弱上拉模式，但是STC15的單片機有點不一樣。
在寫字節函數里面需要加這么一句
while(scl==0);
原因是主機發時鐘給從機的時候，需要判斷從機是否接受到這個信號，所以就要等
*/
#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
sbit SCL = P3^0;
sbit SDA = P3^1;
bit ack;
// P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 PCF8574
// RS RW E <> D4 D5 D6 D7
// 6 5 4 7 0 1 2 3
//sbit RS=P2^0;
//sbit Rw=P2^1;
//sbit E =P2^2;
sbit button1 =P1^0;
unsigned char LCD_data;
unsigned char code digit[ ]={"0123456789"}; //定義字符數組顯示數字
/*
bt0=date&0x01;
bt1=date&0x02;
bt2=date&0x04;
bt3=date&0x08;
bt4=date&0x10;
bt5=date&0x20;
bt6=date&0x40;
bt7=date&0x80;
*/
//*****************延時************************
void delay_nus(unsigned int n) //N us延時函數
{
unsigned int i=0;
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
_nop_();
}
void delay_nms(unsigned int n) //N ms延時函數
{
unsigned int i,j;
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
for (j=0;j<1140;j++);
}
void nop4()
{
_nop_(); //等待一個機器周期
_nop_(); //等待一個機器周期
_nop_(); //等待一個機器周期
_nop_(); //等待一個機器周期
}
//***************************************88
void Start()
{
SDA=1;
_nop_();
SCL=1;
nop4();
SDA=0;
nop4();
SCL=0;
_nop_();
_nop_();
}
void Stop()
{
SDA=0;
_nop_();
SCL=0;
nop4();//>4us后SCL跳變
SCL=1;
nop4();
SDA=1;
_nop_();
_nop_();
}
//******************************************
void Write_A_Byte(unsigned char c)
{
unsigned char BitCnt;
for(BitCnt=0;BitCnt<8;BitCnt++) //要傳送的數據長度為8位
{
if((c<<BitCnt)&0x80) SDA=1; //判斷發送位
else SDA=0;
_nop_();
SCL=1; //置時鐘線為高，通知被控器開始接收數據位
nop4();
_nop_();
SCL=0;
}
_nop_();
_nop_();
SDA=1; //8位發送完后釋放數據線，準備接收應答位
_nop_();
_nop_();
SCL=1;
_nop_();
_nop_();
_nop_();
if(SDA==1)ack=0;
else ack=1; //判斷是否接收到應答信號
SCL=0;
_nop_();
_nop_();
}
bit Write_Random_Address_Byte(unsigned char add,unsigned char dat)
{
Start(); //啟動總線
Write_A_Byte(add); //發送器件地址
if(ack==0)return(0);
Write_A_Byte(dat); //發送數據
if(ack==0)return(0);
Stop(); //結束總線
return(1);
}
//********************液晶屏使能*********************
void Enable_LCD_write()
{
LCD_data|=(1<<(3-1));//E=1;
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
delay_nus(2);
LCD_data&=~(1<<(3-1));//E=0;
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
}
//*************寫命令****************************
void LCD_write_command(unsigned char command)
{
delay_nus(16);
LCD_data&=~(1<<(1-1));//RS=0;
LCD_data&=~(1<<(2-1));//RW=0;
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data); // PCF8574 40H, PCF8574A 70H
// 0x27, 0x20, 0x3F
LCD_data&=0x0f; //清高四位
LCD_data|=command & 0xf0; //寫高四位
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
Enable_LCD_write();
command=command<<4; //低四位移到高四位
LCD_data&=0x0f; //清高四位
LCD_data|=command&0xf0; //寫低四位
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
Enable_LCD_write();
}
//*************寫數據****************************
void LCD_write_data(unsigned char value)
{
delay_nus(16);
LCD_data|=(1<<(1-1));//RS=1;
LCD_data&=~(1<<(2-1));//RW=0;
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
LCD_data&=0X0f; //清高四位
LCD_data|=value&0xf0; //寫高四位
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
Enable_LCD_write();
value=value<<4; //低四位移到高四位
LCD_data&=0x0f; //清高四位
LCD_data|=value&0xf0; //寫低四位
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
Enable_LCD_write();
}
//**********************設置顯示位置*********************************
void set_position(unsigned char x,unsigned char y)
{
unsigned char position;
if (y == 0)
position = 0x80 + x;
else
position = 0xc0 + x;
LCD_write_command(position);
}
//**********************顯示字符串*****************************
void display_string(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *s)
{
set_position(x,y);
while (*s)
{
LCD_write_data(*s);
s++;
}
}
//********************顯示數字*******************************xs
void display_num(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned int num)
{
unsigned char i,j,k,m,n;
set_position(x,y);
i=num/10000;
j=num/1000%10;
k=num/100%10;
m=num/10%10;
n=num%10;
LCD_write_data(digit[i]); //將萬位數字的字符常量寫入LCD
LCD_write_data(digit[j]); //將千位數字的字符常量寫入LCD
LCD_write_data(digit[k]);
LCD_write_data(digit[m]);
LCD_write_data('.');
LCD_write_data(digit[n]);
}
//*************液晶初始化****************************
void LCD_init(void)
{
LCD_write_command(0x28);
delay_nus(40);
LCD_write_command(0x28);
delay_nus(40);
Enable_LCD_write();
delay_nus(40);
LCD_write_command(0x28); //4位顯示！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
LCD_write_command(0x0c); //顯示開
LCD_write_command(0x01); //清屏
delay_nms(2);
}
//
//********************按鍵*********************
void button()
{
if(button1==0)
{
LCD_data|=(1<<(4-1));//E=1;
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
}
if(button1==1)
{
LCD_data&=~(1<<(4-1));//E=0;
Write_Random_Address_Byte(0x40,LCD_data);
}
}
void main(void)
{
int i;
LCD_init();
display_string(0,0,"Hello Today!"); //顯示一段文字
while(1)
{
button();
display_num(0,1,i);
delay_nms(50);
i++;
}
}

復制代碼

//The basic concept of bit-bang i2c is same either you implement it in C or Assembly language.
#define SDA P0_0
#define SCL P0_1
void I2CInit()
{
SDA = 1;
SCL = 1;
}
void I2CStart()
{
SDA = 0;
SCL = 0;
}
void I2CRestart()
{
SDA = 1;
SCL = 1;
SDA = 0;
SCL = 0;
}
void I2CStop()
{
SCL = 0;
SDA = 0;
SCL = 1;
SDA = 1;
}
void I2CAck()
{
SDA = 0;
SCL = 1;
SCL = 0;
SDA = 1;
}
void I2CNak()
{
SDA = 1;
SCL = 1;
SCL = 0;
SDA = 1;
}
unsigned char I2CSend(unsigned char Data)
{
unsigned char i, ack_bit;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
if ((Data & 0x80) == 0)
SDA = 0;
else
SDA = 1;
SCL = 1;
SCL = 0;
Data<<=1;
}
SDA = 1;
SCL = 1;
ack_bit = SDA;
SCL = 0;
return ack_bit;
}
unsigned char I2CRead()
{
unsigned char i, Data=0;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
SCL = 1;
if(SDA)
Data |=1;
if(i<7)
Data<<=1;
SCL = 0;
}
return Data;
}
/*****************************************
* Write to slave device with
* slave address e.g. say 0x20
*****************************************/
/* Init i2c ports first */
I2CInit();
/* Send start condition */
I2CStart();
/* Send slave address */
ack = I2CSend(0x20);
/*
* ack == 1 => NAK
* ack == 0 => ACK
*/
ack = I2CSend(0x07);
/* Send another data */
ack = I2CSend(0x10);
/* Send stop condition */
I2CStop();
/*****************************************
* Read from slave device with
* slave address e.g. say 0x20
*****************************************/
/* Init i2c ports first - Should be done once in main */
I2CInit();
/* Send start condition */
I2CStart();
/*
* Send slave address with Read bit set
* So address is 0x20 | 1 = 0x21
*/
I2CSend(0x21);
data = I2CRead();
/* Send ack */
I2CAck();
/* Read last byte */
data = I2CRead();
/*
* Send nak for last byte to indicate
* End of transmission
*/
I2CNak();
/* Send stop condition */
I2CStop();
/*****************************************************************/
//I am considering same scenario as in assembly sample, DS1307 connected to 8051 microcontroller. Here is a sample code for reading DS1307 registers in C
I2CStart(); /* start condition */
I2CSend(0xD0); /* Slave address + Write */
I2CSend(0x00); /* Starting address of RTC */
I2CRestart(); /* Repeated start condition */
I2CSend(0xD1); /* Slave address + Read */
/* Read 8 registers from RTC */
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
/* Read and store in array */
/* This is much simpler than in Assembly :) */
a[i] = I2CRead();
/* check for last byte */
if(i == 7)
I2CNak(); /* NAK if last byte */
else
I2CAck(); /* ACK for all read bytes */
}
/* Reading finished send stop condition */
I2CStop();
//Following code example uses the C code provided in I2C Implementation on PIC written for PIC16F877A microcontroller MSSP module.
void main()
{
/* Buffer where we will read/write our data */
unsigned char I2CData[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x09, 0x00};
unsigned char i;
/* Initialize I2C Port */
I2CInit();
/* Send Start condition */
I2CStart();
/* Send DS1307 slave address with write operation */
I2CSend(0xD0);
/* Send subaddress 0x00, we are writing to this location */
I2CSend(0x00);
/* Loop to write 8 bytes */
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
/* send I2C data one by one */
I2CSend(I2CInitval[i]);
}
/* Send a stop condition - as transfer finishes */
I2CStop();
/* We will now read data from DS1307 */
/* Reading for a memory based device always starts with a dummy write */
/* Send a start condition */
I2CStart();
/* Send slave address with write */
I2CSend(0xD0);
/* Send address for dummy write operation */
/* this address is actually where we are going to read from */
I2CSend(0x00);
/* Send a repeated start, after a dummy write to start reading */
I2CRestart();
/* send slave address with read bit set */
I2CSend(0xD1);
/* Loop to read 8 bytes from I2C slave */
for (i = 8; i > 0; i--) {
/* read a byte */
I2CData[i] = I2CRead();
/* ACK if its not the last byte to read */
/* if its the last byte then send a NAK */
if (i - 1)
I2CAck();
else
I2CNak();
}
/* Send stop */
I2CStop();
/* end of program */
while(1);
}

復制代碼

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